经济增长课程大纲

Economic Growth

时间地点 Time and Location

  • Monday (5-7) from 13:00 pm to 15:25 pm at 312 之远

任课教师 Instructor:

课程概述 Course Overview

Macroeconomics is the study of the determinants of aggregate trends in the economy. Although macroeconomics is a very broad field, there are two main areas of study: the determinants of long-run economic growth, and the causes and consequences of short-run business cycle fluctuations.

This class will focused on the tools and models of modern economic growth theory. We will explore the determinants of economic growth in the long run, as opposed to fluctuations in economic growth due to business cycles. It will dig deeper into questions you may have studied in intermediate macroeconomics, which is a prerequisite. You can see the exact topics we will discuss below in the course content section.

现代宏观经济学有两个主要研究领域，分别是长期经济增长的决定因素以及短期经济波 动的原因和后果。《经济增长》这门课程将着重利用现代经济增长理论的工具和模型探讨长期 经济增长的决定因素。

经济增长是指一国经济总产出与人均收入随着时间推移而持续增加的过程。在人类历史 上，尤其是近二百年来，经济是在不断增长的。人们不得不思考如下问题:经济持续增长的引 擎是什么?我们的下一代一定能有比我们更优越的生活吗?为什么有些国家比其他国家的增 长速度快?中国自改革开放以来，一直保持着持续增长的势头，年均增长速度位于世界前列， 是什么保证了中国经济的持续、快速增长?本门课程试图对此类问题给出分析框架，发现经济 持续增长的决定因素与机制。

本门课程是中级宏观经济学中经济增长部分的深化。既可以是学生在中级课程基础上向 高级宏观经济学过渡的桥梁，也可以做为独立的深入研究的主题。

通过本课程的学习，希望同学们能够

  1. 掌握增长理论的发展脉络和基准分析框架;

    • 深入理解索洛模型、罗默模型、熊彼特模型、马尔萨斯模型、OLG 模型等具体细节

  2. 学习如何运用这些基本框架和工具分析相关增长议题;

    • 深入理解经济增长的各项决定因素，包括资本积累、人口增长、技术进步、教育、国际贸易、制度、自然资源与环境等。

  3. 了解经济增长研究的相关前沿，并能启发多角度思考现实中的增长政策设计。

先修课程 Prerequisites

I assume that you have a basic understanding of intermediate microeconomic, intermediate macroeconomics, basic algebra, and elementary calculus.

学时安排 Course Format

Economic Growth class meets Monday from 1-3:25 pm and the whole course lasts 18 weeks. Students are required to attend to every session and exam, which are not optional.

课程要求 Course Requirements

Gradings for this course will be based on participation and homeworks (30%) as well as a final exam (70%).

Regular attendance is essential to successfully completing this course. As such, I expect you to attend all of the lectures. If you need to miss a class, it is your responsibility to obtain all lecture notes and assignments from one of your classmates.

教材选用 Textbook

  • The required textbook:

    • Charles I. Jones, Dietrich Vollrath: Introduction to Economic Growth (3rd Edition)

      查尔斯 · 琼斯，迪特里奇 · 沃尔拉特:《经济增长导论》(第三版)，格致出版社，2018.

  • Reference, not required:

    • Daron Acemoglu: Introduction to Modern Economic Growth

      达龙 · 阿西莫格鲁:《现代经济增长导论》(上下册)，中信出版社，2019.

    • Philippe Aghion and Peter Howitt: The Economics of Growth.

      菲利普 · 阿格因，彼得 · 豪伊特:《增长经济学》，中国人民大学出版社，2011

    • Robert J. Barro, Xavier Sala-i-Martin: Economic Growth

      罗伯特 · 巴罗，夏威尔 · 萨拉-伊-马丁:《经济增长》(第二版)，格致出版社，2010.

    • David N. Weil: Economic Growth (3rd Edition)

      戴维 · 韦尔:《经济增长》(第三版)，中国人民大学出版社，2011.

课程内容 CONTENTS

Each week has a rough theme, and while I believe this plan will work out, we may have to reoptimize during the semester.

  • The first part of the course is about building up an understanding of the facts of economic growth, and the main models for understanding those facts.

  • That framework will then be used to think about a series of more specific questions related to growth and how it interacts with other areas of the economy, society, and governance.

  • Lecture01 The Facts To Be Explained

    主要介绍经济增长研究的重要性、经济增长的事实、现代经济增长理论的发展脉络等。

    • The Data of Growth and Development

    • Other “Stylized Facts”

  • Lecture02 The Solow Model

    主要介绍现代经济增长理论的开端—Solow 模型，本门课程的后续内容均建立在这个核 心模型基础之上。

    • The Basic Solow Model

    • Technology and the Solow Model

    • Evaluating the Solow Model

    • Growth Accounting, the Productivity Slowdown,

  • Lecture03 The Extension of Solow Model

    • The Solow Model with Human Capital

    • Convergence and Explaining Differences in Growth Rates Lucas 1990, 为什么资本不从富国流向穷国?

    • The Evolution of Income Distribution

  • Lecture04 The Economics of Ideas

    • What is Technology?

    • The Economics of Ideas

  • Lecture05 The Engine of Growth–The Romer Model基于创新的内生增长模型之一，罗默的产品多样化模型

    • The Basic Elements of The Romer Model

    • The Economics of The Romer Model

  • Lecture06 The Engine of Growth–The Schumpeterian Model 基于创新的内生增长模型之二，Aghion 等人构建的熊彼特模型

    • Growth Through Creative Destruction

    • The Economics of Schumpeterian Growth – Optimal R&D

  • Lecture07 A Simple Model of Growth and Development

    • The Basic Model

    • Steady-State Analysis

    • Technology Transfer

    • Globalization and Trade

    • Understanding Differences in Growth Rates

  • Lecture08 Institution

    • A Business Investment Problem

    • The Choice of Social Infrastructure

  • Lecture09 Malthusian Model主要介绍国家会经历的各种不同增长阶段，以及增长如何从一个阶段演化到另一个阶段， 特别关注从马尔萨斯停滞到现代经济增长的转型。

    • Malthus’ Idea

    • Evidence on Real Wages

    • Population Dynamics

    • Response to Shock

    • How Useful is the Malthusian Model

  • Lecture10 Population and the Origin of Sustained Economic Growth

    • Population and Living Standards

    • The Malthusian Economy

    • The Transition to Sustained Growth

    • The Economics of Population Growth

  • Lecture11 Natural Resources and Economic Growth

    • Nonrenewabel Resources

    • Quantifiying the Importance of Natural Resources

    • Prices As Indicators of Scarcity

    • Implications and Explanations of Declining Factor Shares

    • Growth and the Environment